• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device (1) for supplying air to a fuel cell (10), preferably a hydrogen-powered fuel cell (10), via a compressor (21) of an exhaust-gas turbocharger (20), the compressor (21) being connected to one of an exhaust-gas flow (10). A) the fuel cell drivable turbine (22) of the turbocharger (20) is drivingly connected via a shaft (23) and the turbocharger (20) further drivingly connected to a motor (40) via the shaft (23), wherein the storage of Shaft of the turbocharger (20) is formed by means of a gas- or air-lubricated bearing.
    公开号:CH715035A2
    申请号:CH5282019
    申请日:2019-04-17
    公开日:2019-11-29
    发明作者:Haag Jan-Christoph；Aurahs Lutz；Heinz Christoph；Bartholomä Klaus
    申请人:Man Energy Solutions Se；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to a device with a turbocharger for charging a fuel cell, in particular a fuel cell operated with hydrogen.
    [0002] Conventionally, fuel cells are operated with pure hydrogen, which reacts to water in the fuel cell and thereby releases electricity. For this purpose, the hydrogen is usually expanded from a pressure vessel and fed to the fuel cell. The air required for combustion in the fuel cell is drawn in from the surroundings by an electrically operated blower and fed to the fuel cell.
    A generic prior art is described for example in DE 10 120 947 A1 or in DE 10 2004 051 359 A1.
    In the automotive environment, fuel cells are known which are charged by means of a turbocharger. The intake air is drawn in by the compressor of a turbocharger and the exhaust gas generated during combustion drives the turbine of the turbocharger. If necessary, additional electrical energy can be fed into the shaft of the turbocharger by an electric motor in order to compensate for a thermodynamic imbalance of the two components.
    In general, turbochargers are used in the prior art, the bearings of which are supplied with lubricating oil by the engine oil circuit. Even slight oil leakages in the bearings lead to contamination of the fuel cell and increased exhaust gas emissions.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a structure which is improved in terms of operational reliability and tightness.
    According to the invention, this structure is solved by the device with the features in claim 1.
    A basic idea of the invention is to use a turbocharger, in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger for the air supply to a fuel cell, a gas or air being used for the lubrication of the bearing of the turbocharger. The air for lubrication is preferably taken from the compressor. Alternatively, hydrogen can also be used, which, after flowing through the corresponding storage, is fed back to the compressor at the inlet.
    The risk of exhaust gas contamination is thus eliminated and, due to the lower bearing losses of the turbocharger, its efficiency is increased.
    The use of a gaseous lubricant requires a specific structure of the storage of the turbocharger. According to the invention, a device for supplying air to a hydrogen-operated fuel cell via a compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is proposed, the compressor being connected to a turbine of the turbocharger that can be driven by an exhaust gas flow from the fuel cell, and the turbocharger is also drivingly connected to a motor via the shaft is connected, wherein the bearing of the shaft of the turbocharger is formed by means of a gas or air lubricated bearing.
    In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that the motor is an electric motor which is arranged between the compressor and the turbine.
    It is furthermore advantageous if the stator of the motor is arranged with its stator windings around the shaft of the turbocharger, the shaft being designed as part of the rotor of the motor.
    The turbocharger, in which the shaft is formed with a large diameter, is particularly advantageously suitable for the use of a motor arranged between the two impellers, which motor can also preferably be operated in generator mode. The shaft of the turbocharger simultaneously forms the rotor of the electric motor, whereby a high degree of component integration and compactness is achieved. If hydrogen is used as a lubricant, it can be used to cool the motor windings and thus increase their efficiency.
    In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that on the one hand the bearing of the shaft on the compressor and preferably also the bearing of the shaft on the turbine are formed by means of a gas or air lubricated radial bearing.
    It is further advantageous if the shaft is mounted on an axial thrust bearing by means of a thrust ring formed by the shaft or fastened to the shaft. Due to the significantly lower viscosity of the gaseous lubricant (compared to oil), the bearing diameter of the radial bearing and the outer diameter of the thrust bearing are significantly larger. The drawer bearing has approximately the same outside diameter as the compressor wheel. The radial bearing diameter results from the thrust bearing diameter and its area, which is required to be able to compensate for or absorb the axial thrust that occurs during operation of the exhaust gas turbocharger.
    It is also advantageous if the thrust bearing is arranged off-center in the axial direction either on the compressor side or the turbine side on the shaft. Under no circumstances should this be positioned in the middle or roughly the middle of the shaft between the compressor and the turbine, because this would have to split the stator of the electric motor. In this way, the shaft can be formed in one piece or in one piece in the axial direction.
    CH 715 035 A2 Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a device for providing air for a fuel cell as described above, which is part of a fuel cell system, via which electrical drive power for a consumer, preferably in the power range of> 100 kW provided.
    Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims or are shown below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures.
    [0019] It shows:
    Fig. 1 is a schematic schematic diagram of an embodiment according to the invention and
    Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a detail of the exhaust gas turbocharger with an integrated electric motor.
    In the following, the invention is described in more detail using a preferred exemplary embodiment with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the same reference symbols in the figures indicating the same structural and / or functional features.
    In the exemplary embodiment shown, a fuel cell 10 and the device 1 for supplying air to the hydrogen-operated fuel cell 10 are shown. The device 1 has a compressor 21 of a turbocharger 20. The compressor 21 is connected in a drive-effective manner to a turbine 22 of the turbocharger 20 that can be driven by an exhaust gas stream A of the fuel cell 10. The exhaust gas flow generated by the fuel cell 10 flows through the turbine 22 and drives the compressor wheel of the compressor 21 via the shaft 23. The supply air for the fuel cell 10 is compressed by the compressor 21 and supplied to the fuel cell 10 via the air supply duct 24.
    In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an electric motor 40 is provided, which can drive the compressor 21 via a drive shaft 23. For this purpose, the compressor wheel of the compressor 21 is arranged together with the turbine 22 on the common shaft 23. The electric motor 40 is arranged eccentrically within the turbocharger 20, specifically on the compressor side between the compressor 21 and the turbine 22. The stator 44 of the motor 40 is arranged with its stator windings 45 around the shaft 23 of the turbocharger 20, it being apparent from FIG. 2 that the shaft 23 itself is designed as part of the rotor of the motor 40.
    A detail of the storage is shown in the detailed view according to FIG. 2. The bearing of the shaft 23 of the turbocharger 20 is formed by means of a gas-lubricated bearing, namely on the compressor 21 and also on the turbine 22 by means of a gas-lubricated or air-lubricated radial bearing 25 or 26. The shaft 23 is mounted on an axial thrust bearing 30 by means of a thrust ring 31 formed by the shaft 23. The outer diameter of the thrust bearing 30 is larger than the outer diameter of the compressor 21. The thrust bearing 30 is formed eccentrically on the one-piece shaft 23 in the axial direction.
    If hydrogen is used as a lubricant, a tight shaft seal is to be provided on the turbine side by means of sealing air, piston ring, labyrinth or membrane seals. On the other hand, there is no need for a shaft seal on the compressor side because the hydrogen is returned to the fuel cell for combustion as intended.
    The invention is not limited in its implementation to the preferred exemplary embodiments specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution shown, even in the case of fundamentally different types.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Device (1) for supplying air to a fuel cell (10), preferably a hydrogen-operated fuel cell (10), via a compressor (21) of an exhaust gas turbocharger (20), the compressor (21) being connected to an exhaust gas stream (A) the fuel cell drivable turbine (22) of the turbocharger (20) is operatively connected via a shaft (23) and the turbocharger (20) is also operatively connected to a motor (40) via the shaft (23), the bearing of the shaft Turbocharger (20) is formed by means of a gas or air lubricated bearing.
    [2]
    2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a motor (40) is an electric motor which is arranged between the compressor (21) and the turbine (22).
    [3]
    3. Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stator (44) of the motor (40) with its stator windings (45) is arranged around the shaft (23) of the turbocharger, the shaft as a part the rotor of the motor (40) is formed.
    [4]
    4. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing of the shaft (23) on the compressor (21) by means of a gas or air lubricated radial bearing (25) is formed.
    CH 715 035 A2
    [5]
    5. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing of the shaft (23) on the turbine (22) is designed by means of a gas or air lubricated radial bearing (26).
    [6]
    6. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft (23) is mounted on an axial thrust bearing (30) by means of a thrust ring (31) formed by the shaft (23) or fastened to the shaft (23) ,
    [7]
    7. The device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the thrust ring of the thrust bearing (30) has a diameter which is the same or slightly larger than the diameter of the compressor wheel of the compressor (21).
    [8]
    8. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial thrust bearing (30) is arranged off-center in the axial direction either on the compressor side or the turbine side on the shaft (23).
    [9]
    9. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft (23) is integrally formed in the axial direction.
    [10]
    10. Use of a device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, for providing air for a fuel cell (10), which is part of a fuel cell system, via which electrical drive power is provided to a consumer, preferably in the power range of> 100 kW ,
    CH 715 035 A2

    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP2600015B1|2015-04-15|Turbo-compressor, fuel cell system
    DE102014220931A1|2016-04-21|Charging device for an internal combustion engine and operating method for the charging device
    DE202014105279U1|2014-11-28|Twin turbo system with electrically driven compressors
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    DE102011012861A1|2012-09-06|Turbo-compound system, in particular of a motor vehicle
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    DE102014224474A1|2016-06-02|Charging device for an internal combustion engine and operating method for the charging device
    DE102014221333A1|2016-04-21|Twin turbo system with electrically driven compressors
    DE102012221298A1|2014-05-22|Supercharger device for increasing output of drive unit of e.g. fuel cell of pure electrical motor car, has compressor running wheel arranged such that fluid entrance side of wheel is turned towards fluid passage running through housing
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    DE102009046076A1|2011-05-12|Generator unit, in particular for motor vehicles
    DE102010006018A1|2011-08-18|Charging device for compressing a medium and drive train for a motor vehicle with such a charging device
    DE102015210574A1|2016-12-15|Oxidizing agent for promoting an oxidizing agent to at least one fuel cell and fuel cell system
    CH715035A2|2019-11-29|Device with a turbocharger for charging a fuel cell.
    DE102016015266A1|2018-06-21|Air supply device and fuel cell system
    DE102012208762A1|2013-11-28|Method for braking turbomachine used with synchronous machine, involves reducing kinetic energy of impeller by synchronous machine and braking impeller when rotation speed of rotor is below minimum rotation speed
    DE102012018712A1|2014-03-27|Air conveying device for supplying air to fuel cell system in vehicle, has compressor propelled with electric machine and intercooler, where electric machine is cooled by cooling medium in cooling circuit at intercooler
    EP2393708B1|2012-12-26|Internal combustion engine system having exhaust gas energy recapture for floating devices
    DE2209909C2|1982-07-22|Exhaust turbocharger lubricant loss preventing device - has lubricant chamber connected to fan suction side by vent pipe
    DE102014218539A1|2016-03-17|Exhaust gas turbocharger of an internal combustion engine
    DE102005018770A1|2006-11-09|Exhaust gas turbocharger for a combustion engine has hydraulic machine integrated into shaft bearing housing to withdraw or supply mechanical shaft power
    DE2710533A1|1978-09-14|Diesel generator set with exhaust gas turbine - has screw compressor driven in heat pump circuit
    DE102014221334A1|2016-04-21|Twin turbo system with electrically driven compressors
    CH715032A2|2019-11-29|Device for supplying air to a fuel cell.
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2019115945A|2020-11-23|
    US20190360522A1|2019-11-28|
    CN110529204A|2019-12-03|
    DE102018112460A1|2019-11-28|
    JP2019203505A|2019-11-28|
    KR20190134485A|2019-12-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE102011087601A1|2011-12-01|2013-06-06|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Turbo compressor, fuel cell system|
    DE102013021192A1|2013-12-17|2014-07-31|Daimler Ag|Fluid-flow machine e.g. electrically propelled turbo supercharger for supplying compressed air to fuel cell, has radial bearing whose inner circumference is set larger than or equal to external periphery of turbine wheel|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018112460.0A|DE102018112460A1|2018-05-24|2018-05-24|Device with a turbocharger for charging a fuel cell|
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